Cinder deflector



Oct. 3, 1944.

E. RAWSON CINDER DEFLECTOR Filed Aug. 2 8, 1943 2 sheets-sheet 14 1.. .VLI i Patented Oct. 3, 1944 CINDER DEFLECTOR Emanuel Rawson, Chicago, Ill., assgnor to The Superheater Company, New York, N. Y.

Application August 2s, 1943, seria1 No. 500,336 5 claims. (o1. 122-462) The present invention relates to heat exchange apparatus and particularly to Vsuperheaters installed in fire tube boilers such as utilized on locomotives.

In locomotive boilers .the superheater tubes project forwardly from theflues into the smoke box where they are bent upwardly for connection to the superheater headers that are located forwardly of the front tube sheet of the boiler. It has: been Vcustonrniry tov provide the bent portions of the superheater tubes with shields facing the tube sheet and designed to minimize cutting of the tubes by cinders ejected from the flues in which the tubes are located. It has been found, however, that where the superheater flues are interspersed among the fire tubes considerable cutting of the tubes along the sides of the bent yparts which arenot protected by these shields result from the cindersthat vare ejected from fire tubes positioned between the flues in which the superheater tubes are located. The present invention contemplates the provision of tubular cinder deectors so mounted with respect to the forward ends of the fire tubes of the boiler as to direct and control the path of travel of the cinders ejected from the tubes and thus maintain them away from the sides of the upwardly extending parts of the superheater tubes.

The invention will be best understood upon consideration of the following detailed description of illustrative embodiments thereof when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary longitudinal section of the forward portion of a locomotive boiler having a superheater equipped with cinder deflectors embodying the present invention.

Figure 2 is a partial front view of the superheater as viewed from the right in Fig. 1 and Figures 3 and 4 are views similar to Figures 1 and 2, respectively, showing a modified form of cinder shield.

Referring first to Figures 1 and 2, the numeral I0 designates the front tube sheet of a locomotive boiler having a plurality of fire tubes and superheater flues disposed in both vertical and horizontal alinement to form a plurality of rows with thel fire tubes I`I interspersed among the flues I2. Mounted within each of the flues I2 is a looped superheater unit designated as a whole by the numeral I3 having its end portions projecting forwardly into the smoke box from the fiues for connection to the saturated and superheated steam chambers of a header I4 mounted forwardly of the tube sheet I0 and Y header I4. As mentioned above, it is customary to provide shields I6 on the bent portions I5 of the superheater tubes facing the flues I2 so as to protect the rear and part of the side faces of the f bent portions of the tubes from erosion by cinders that are ejected with considerable force along with the gases discharged from the flues.

In installations where fire tubes II are interspersed among the flues I2 the cinders ejected from the fire tubes spread out conelike in all directions on entering the smoke box and some therefore impinge against the sides I1 of the bent and upwardly extending portions I5 of the superheater units and cause erosion or cinder cutting of these parts of the superheater tubes especially where the ligament between adjacent flues is less than the fire tube diameter. To correct for this condition the present invention contemplates the provision of tubular cinder deflectors designated as a whole by the numeral I8 and consisting of a cylindrical section 20 of suitable size to be inserted with a close t in a fire tube I I to which it may be welded if desired. Forwardly of the tube sheet I0 the defiector I 8 is formed with an elongated somewhat elliptical portion 2| formed by flattening a tubular section so that the forward part of the deflector I6 may be disposed in a Vertical position intermediate adjacent bent portions I5 of the superheater tubes that are located in adjacent flues. As shown in Figure l the flattened portion 2l of the defiector I8 is of such length as to extend forwardly between all of the bent portions I'4 of the tubes forming the superheater with the result that the cinders ejected with the gases from the fire tubes II are carried to a point beyond the bent portions I5 of all the superheater tubes. However, the forward end of the flattened portions 2| of the deectors I8 may be located rearwardly of the position shown as, for example, in a plane just rearwardly of the bent portion I 5 of the uppermost superheater unit as indicated by the dotted line A in Fig. 1. 'I'he location of the forward end portion of the delectors I8 depends upon the length required to impose a fixed direction and path of travel upon the gases and cinders emerging from the tubes II so as to maintain them in their path of travel at least until they pass beyond the most forwardly located superheater tube portions I5 in order to avoid impingement thereon.

In the form shown in Figures 3 and 4 the defleeting shields 30 are mounted forwardly of the tube sheet lll facing the forward end of the re tubes I I and in position to receive the stream of gas and cinders discharged from the tubes. Each deflector is provided with bell mouth 3l to facilitate diversion of the cinders into the deflector 30. The deflectors 30 for any vertical row of re tubes are aligned and interconnected y by vertically disposed web-like plates 32 with the uppermost and lowermost deflectors connected to brackets 33 and 34 for supporting several interconnected deilectors in positions where they may receive the cinders discharged from the related ues. In this form the deflectors 3U are tubular throughout their length and extend forwardly among adjacently disposed bent portions l5 of the superheater tubes to positions clear of the most forwardly located superheater tubes at the level of each deflector. As in the case of the arrangements of Figures l and 2, the deilectors may, however, have their forward ends located at positions rearward of those shown, provided that their length is sun- `cient to maintain the stream of cinders and gases away from the superheater tubes so that they clear the latter.

What I claim is:

1. In a fire tube boiler having a front tube sheet into which are connected a plurality of fire tubes and relatively large superheater ues disposed in horizontal and vertical alignment to form parallel rows with rows of re tubes interspersed among and closely adjacent the rows of flues, a superheater header disposed forwardly of said tube sheet and above the uppermost row of flues and superheater tubes mounted in said flues and projecting forwardly therefrom and having upwardly bent end portions connecting with said header: a tubular deflecting shield mounted in alignment with each fire tube for receiving cinders therefrom and arranged to direct them to a point preventing theirgimpingement upon the bent portions of said superheater tubes.

2. In a re tube boiler having a front tube sheet into which are connected a plurality of re tubes and relatively large superheater ilues disposed in horizontal and vertical alignment to form parallel rows with rows of fire tubes interspersed among and closely adjacent the rows of flues, a superheater header disposed forwardly of said tube sheet and above the uppermost row of flues and superheater tubes mounted in said flues and projecting forwardly therefrom and having upwardly bent end portions connecting with said header: hollow deflecting shields each having a tubulaiportion fitting into a re tube and extending forwardly therefrom for an extent sufficient to impose a, directional force on cinders issuing from said ue to maintain them in a xed path of travel until they pass the bent portions of said superheater tubes for preventing impingement of the cinders thereon.

3. In a fire tube boiler having a front tube sheet into which are connected a plurality of re tubes and relatively large superheater flues disposed in horizontal and vertical alignment to form parallel rows withrows of re tubes interspersed among and closely adjacent the rows of flues, a superheater header disposed forwardly of said tube sheet and above the uppermost row of Ilues and superheater tubes mounted in said flues and projecting forwardly therefrom and having upwardly bent end portions connecting with said header; hollow deflecting shields each having a tubular portion fitting into a fire tube and merging into a vertically disposed flattened nozzle like end portion located in the free area between the adjacent bent portions of superheater tubes for deflecting the cinders issuing from the fire tube away from the sides of said bent portions of the superheater tubes.

4. In a fire tube boiler having a front tube` flues, a superheater header disposed forwardly of said tube sheet and superheater tubes mounted in said flues and projecting forwardly therefrom and having bent end portions connecting with said header: a, tubular deflecting shield mounted in alignment with each re tube forv receiving cinders therefrom and arranged to direct them to a point preventing their impingement upon the bent portions of said superheater tubes.

5. In a re tube boiler having a front tube sheet into which are connected a plurality of re tubes and relatively large superheater flues disposed in horizontal and vertical alignment to form parallel rows with rows of re'tubes interspersed among and closely adjacent the rows of ilues, a superheater header disposed forwardly of said tube sheet and superheater tubes mounted in said ues and projecting forwardly therefrom and having bent end portions connecting with said header: and deflecting shields mounted forwardly of said tube sheet and so disposed with respect to said fire tubes and said superheater tubes as to direct cinders from said lire tubes to points preventing their impingement on portions of said superheater tubes projecting from said ues.

EMANUEL RAWSON. 

